NEIGHBORHOOD GARDEN FOR JANUARY 31, 2009

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UNDERSTANDING LATIN NAMES FOR PLANTS PART #2

BY GEORGE EDGAR

 

            Many of you, like me, have not taken a class in Latin. With frequent use and repetition, however, the names do eventually sink in. If you keep the tag that comes with your new plant, or tree, or shrub, or the package of seeds, you can learn the scientific name and be able to get exactly the same plant or seed next year, even if you are in Vermont , or Texas , or Oregon , or Nebraska . Also, if you order by catalog or the internet, using the scientific name you will be assured of getting the seeds or plant you really want.

          Last week in part #1, I shared the history of the use of Latin names for plants. Today I want to share the meaning of some common Latin words that can help you know more about your plants, trees, and shrubs. This list was prepared by Dr. Cindy Haynes , Department of Horticulture, Iowa State University and  reprinted by permission from “Horticulture and Home Pest News”, Iowa State University , July 23, 1999 .

Colors

alba

White

ater

Black

aurea

Chartreuse

azur

Blue

caeruleus

Blue

chrysus

Yellow

coccineus

Scarlet

ebenus

Ebony

eburneus

Ivory

erythro

Red

ferrugineus

Rusty

flava

Yellow

gala

Milky

haema

Blood red

lacteus

Milky

leuc

White

lividus

Blue-gray

luridus

Pale yellow

luteus

Yellow

nigra

Black/dark

puniceus

Red-purple

purpureus

Purple

rosea

Rose

rubra

Red

sulphureus

Yellow

virens

Green

Origins or Habitat

 

alpinus

Alpine

amur

Amur River - Asia

canadensis

Canada

chinensis

China

japonica

Japan

maritima

Sea side

montana

Mountains

occidentalis

West - North America

orientalis

East - Asia

sibirica

Siberia

sylvestris

Woodland

virginiana

Virginia

Form or Habit

 

contorta

Twisted

globosa

Rounded

gracilis

Graceful

maculata

Spotted

magnus

Large

nana

Dwarf

pendula

Weeping

prostrata

Creeping

reptans

Creeping

Common Root Words

 

anthos

Flower

brevi

Short

fili

Threadlike

flora

Flower

folius

Foliage

grandi

Large

hetero

Diverse

laevis

Smooth

lepto

Slender

macro

Large

medio

Intermediate

mega

Big

micro

Small

mono

Single

multi

Many

phyllos

Leaf/Foliage

platy

Flat/Broad

poly

Many

For more information see:

          Dictionary of Plant Names: The pronunciation, derivation,       and meaning of botanical names and their common-name equivalents by Allen J. Coombes, Timber Press, Inc.

          Gardener's Latin by Bill Neal , Algonquin Books.

          How Plants Get Their Names by L.H. Bailey , Dover Publications.

Copyright 2009